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Aslan Research · Cloud & platforms

Alphabet Inc. (GOOGL)

Data as of 2026-08-21 · 27 quarters · filed in USD

The sharpest contrast is scale: $519.5 billion of backlog stands against $445.9 billion of trailing-year revenue, or 1.2x one year of revenue. Revenue grew 21% per year while expenses grew 3% per year, giving the reported growth story more weight than cost growth alone.

Revenue, last 12 mo $446B to 2026-06-30
Spend, last 12 mo $150B cost + R&D + admin + tax
Debt they report $100B balance-sheet borrowings
Money promised $203B debt + leases + purchases
Unrealized revenue $7.2B + $520B signed backlog
Due in next 5 years $738B the obligation wall

Earned, collected early, and merely signed

signed backlogrevenue (qtr)deferredQ3 '19Q3 '21Q1 '23Q4 '24Q2 '26$273B$545B

Reports $100B of debt; has promised $203B

Total committed money is 2.0x reported debt. The difference includes $18.0 billion of lease commitments, so obligations beyond borrowings materially expand the debt picture.

promisedreported debtQ3 '19Q3 '21Q1 '23Q4 '24Q2 '26$107B$214B

What the promised total is made of, latest quarter

debtleasespurchase deals
today
85%
15%

Spending, by reported line

Cost of revenueR&DSelling & adminTax
2020
57%
18%
19%
2021
57%
16%
19%
2022
58%
18%
19%
2023
57%
19%
19%
2024
57%
19%
16%
2025
54%
20%
17%
9%

When the promises come due

The next five years carry $737.6 billion of commitments against $519.5 billion of future revenue promised for that period. That is a 1.4x due-to-promised-revenue comparison, leaving commitments ahead of the revenue already tied to customers.

$738Bnext 5 years$0years 5–10$0beyond 10$36Bafter yr 5, undated$520Brevenue promised to them

The rates that matter

Revenue growth /yr 21% 2020-Q4 → 2026-Q2
Expense growth /yr 3%
Promised money /yr 48%
Reported debt /yr 61%
Deferred revenue /yr 20%
Quarters re-stated 20 of 27 by cited reconciliation

Expenses as filed vs after cited reconciliation

$33Bfiled2019$33Breality2019$149Bfiled2020$127Breality2020$194Bfiled2021$172Breality2021$219Bfiled2022$205Breality2022$235Bfiled2023$226Breality2023$257Bfiled2024$242Breality2024$300Bfiled2025$217Breality2025$191Bfiled2026$30Breality2026

8 patterns worth a second look

The filings disclose lease payments for leases not yet commenced that were not recorded on the balance sheet, along with unconsolidated-VIE funding commitments and maximum exposures outside consolidated liabilities. They also show the commercial-paper program expanding from $10.0 billion to $25.0 billion, and later-period unrealized gains of approximately $32.0 billion on non-marketable investments recognized in January 2026.

off balance sheet · 2

The filings report substantial future lease payments for leases not yet commenced and state those obligations were not recorded on the balance sheet.

The filings disclose increasing unconsolidated-VIE funding commitments and maximum exposures outside consolidated balance-sheet liabilities.

one time dressing · 1

The filings present large discrete legal and investment valuation items alongside period results, including a $3.0 billion EC payment and subsequent unrealized investment gains.

redefinition · 2

The filings expand the disclosed commercial-paper program from $10.0 billion to $25.0 billion between the FY2024 and Q2 2025 filings.

The filings change the stated revenue-backlog recognition assumption from approximately half to approximately 55% over the next 24 months.

related party exposure · 1

The filings repeatedly report Alphabet funding Waymo, including funding described as mostly or significantly funded by Alphabet.

subsequent event · 2

The FY2025 filing reports approximately $32.0 billion of unrealized gains on non-marketable investments recognized in January 2026 after the reporting period.

The FY2024 filing reports an $8.0 billion unrealized gain on non-marketable equity securities recognized in January 2025 after the reporting period.

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